『The Power of Myth』要約

The Power of Myth by Joseph Campbell is a conversational exploration of world mythology, framed as a six-part interview between Campbell and journalist Bill Moyers. Filmed at George Lucas’s Skywalker Ranch and first broadcast on PBS in 1988, the book presents Campbell’s central argument that myths are not primitive falsehoods but metaphorical guides to the inner life, encoding universal psychological and spiritual truths. Campbell organizes his discussion around what he calls the monomyth, the hero’s journey of departure, initiation, and return, drawn from his earlier work The Hero with a Thousand Faces. He illustrates this pattern through figures such as the Buddha, Moses, Odysseus, and Luke Skywalker, arguing that Star Wars succeeds because it taps the same archetypal structure found in ancient tales. Across the dialogues, Campbell examines creation myths, virgin births, sacrifice, and the symbolism of the serpent, the circle, and the mask. He contrasts the “myth of the tribe” with the individual’s search for meaning, and repeatedly returns to the idea of following one’s bliss, a phrase he uses to describe aligning with an inner calling rather than social expectation. Moyers asks how myths can speak to modern people who no longer live in traditional societies; Campbell answers that new myths are always forming, and that artists, scientists, and even athletes generate symbolic narratives. The book also addresses the tension between Eastern and Western religious imagery, the role of the feminine in myth, and the experience of mysticism. It closes with Campbell’s reflection on mortality and eternal life, treating death as a transformation rather than an end.