ملخص Fear

Bob Woodward’s *Fear: Trump in the White House*, published in 2018, is an investigative account of the early Trump presidency, drawn from hundreds of interviews with participants and contemporaneous notes. The title comes from a remark by then-chief of staff Reince Priebus, who told an associate he was afraid of the president’s temper and impulsiveness. Woodward organizes the book around insider episodes rather than a single thesis, following figures such as Priebus, Steve Bannon, Gary Cohn, Rob Porter, and James Mattis as they try to manage or contain Trump’s decisions. Central set pieces include the drafting and collapse of immigration compromises, the withdrawal from the Paris climate accord, the firing of FBI director James Comey, the response to the Charlottesville violence, and the debate over steel and aluminum tariffs. A recurring thread is the staff practice of removing documents from Trump’s desk to prevent him from signing orders they considered dangerous, such as a draft letter withdrawing the United States from the North American Free Trade Agreement. Woodward also details the resignation of Cohn and Porter, the internal fight over the Trans-Pacific Partnership, and Robert Mueller’s appointment as special counsel. The book portrays a White House riven by factions—nationalists around Bannon versus globalists like Cohn and Dina Powell—and a president whose advisers often describe him in blunt, unflattering terms. Woodward reports that Mattis compared Trump’s understanding of Korea to that of a fifth- or sixth-grader, and that John Dowd, Trump’s lawyer, called him a liar. The narrative ends before the 2018 midterms, leaving the administration still operating under the conditions Woodward documents. The book sold over a million copies and intensified public debate over insider accounts of the Trump White House.